Endoscopic removal of benign stenotic formations of larynx, trachea and bronchi
Abstract
Introduction. Stenotic formations of the larynx, trachea and bronchi still remain as an actual problem of thoracic surgery and otorhinolaryngology. Removal of the formations can be done in an open way, by opening the lumen with a subsequent restoration of intactness and also by endoscopic methods. Material and Methods: The results of treatment of 48 patients with stenotic benign formations of larynx, trachea and bronchi have been analysed. Modern methods of diagnostics including TBFS with biopsy and MSCT with 3D-reconstruction and virtual bronchoscopy have been used. The treatment included: a laser photodestruction, an endoscopic removal of benign stenotic formations of larynx, trachea and bronchi using electrocoagulation loops performed via an under-narcosis rigid bronchoscopy with the respiratory tube of Storz bronchoscopes, and also through the instrument channels of the Olympus and Pentax bronchoscopes under local anesthesia and intravenous sedation. Results and discussion: After emergency or routine endoscopic interventions with the restoration of the airway, status of patients has significantly improved, dyspnoea has disappeared completely, phonation has been restored, symptoms of bronchitis resulting from disruptions of expectoration of the mucosal or mucosal-purulent sputum have stopped. In the case of restenosis in the place of removed granulomas in 9 patients endotracheal stents of different configuration and model have been used. Conclusion: Thus, the endoscopic removal of benign exophytic formations of larynx, trachea and bronchi, in the absence of invasion to the wall of the organ without signs of endophytic growth, is an effective and independent method of a treatment.