Momentum sharing in imbalanced Fermi systems
O. HenTel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, IsraelMisak SargsianFlorida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USAL. B. WeinsteinOld Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529, USAE. PiasetzkyTel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, IsraelH. HakobyanUniversidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, ChileD. W. HiginbothamThomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA 23606, USAM. M. BravermanTel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, IsraelW. K. BrooksUniversidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, ChileS. GiladMassachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USAK. P. AdhikariOld Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529, USAJ. ArringtonArgonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USAG. AsryanYerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, ArmeniaH. AvakianThomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA 23606, USAJ. BallCommissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, Centre de Saclay, Irfu/Service de Physique Nucléaire, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, FranceN. A. BaltzellArgonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USAM. BattaglieriIstituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, ItalyA. BeckNuclear Research Center Negev, P.O. Box 9001, Beer-Sheva 84190, IsraelS. May-Tal BeckNuclear Research Center Negev, P.O. Box 9001, Beer-Sheva 84190, IsraelI. BedlinskiyInstitute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, 117259, RussiaW. BertozziMassachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USAA. S. BiselliFairfield University, Fairfield, CT 06824, USAV. D. BurkertThomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA 23606, USAT. CaoUniversity of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USAD. S. CarmanThomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA 23606, USAA. CelentanoIstituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, ItalyS. ChandavarOhio University, Athens, OH 45701, USAL. ColaneriINFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, ItalyP. L. ColeCatholic University of America, Washington, DC 20064, USAV. CredéFlorida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USAA. D’AngeloINFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, ItalyR. De VitaIstituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, ItalyA. DeurThomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA 23606, USAC. DjalaliUniversity of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USAD. DoughtyChristopher Newport University, Newport News, VA 23606, USAM. DuggerArizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-1504, USAR. DupréInstitut de Physique Nucléaire ORSAY, Orsay, FranceH. EgiyanThomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA 23606, USAA. El AlaouiArgonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USAL. El FassiOld Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529, USAL. ElouadrhiriThomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA 23606, USAG. FedotovSkobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov, RussiaS. FeganIstituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, ItalyT. A. ForestIdaho State University, Pocatello, ID 83209, USAB. GarillonInstitut de Physique Nucléaire ORSAY, Orsay, FranceM. GarçonCommissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, Centre de Saclay, Irfu/Service de Physique Nucléaire, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, FranceN. GevorgyanYerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, ArmeniaY. GhandilyanYerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, ArmeniaG. P. GilfoyleUniversity of Richmond, Richmond, VA 23173, USAF. X. GirodThomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA 23606, USAJ. T. GoetzOhio University, Athens, OH 45701, USAR. W. GotheUniversity of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USAK. A. GriffioenCollege of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23187-8795, USAM. GuidalInstitut de Physique Nucléaire ORSAY, Orsay, FranceL. GuoFlorida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USAK. HafidiArgonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USAC. HanrettyUniversity of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22901, USAM. HattawyInstitut de Physique Nucléaire ORSAY, Orsay, FranceK. HicksOhio University, Athens, OH 45701, USAM. HoltropUniversity of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824-3568, USAC. E. Hyde-WrightOld Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529, USAY. IlievaThe George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USAD. G. IrelandUniversity of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UKB. I. IshkanovSkobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov, RussiaE. L. IsupovSkobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov, RussiaH. JiangUniversity of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USAH. S. JoInstitut de Physique Nucléaire ORSAY, Orsay, FranceK. JooUniversity of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USAD. KellerUniversity of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22901, USAM. KhandakerIdaho State University, Pocatello, ID 83209, USAA. KimKyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Republic of KoreaW. KimKyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Republic of KoreaF. J. KleinCatholic University of America, Washington, DC 20064, USAS. KoiralaOld Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529, USAI. KoroverTel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, IsraelS. E. KuhnOld Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529, USAV. KubarovskyThomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA 23606, USAP. LenisaINFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, ItalyW. I. LevineCarnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USAK. LivingstonUniversity of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UKM. LowryThomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA 23606, USAH. Y. LuUniversity of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USAI. J. D. MacGregorUniversity of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UKN. MarkovUniversity of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USAM. MayerOld Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529, USAB. McKinnonUniversity of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UKT. MineevaUniversity of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USAV. MokeevInstitut de Physique Nucléaire ORSAY, Orsay, FranceA. MovsisyanINFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, ItalyC. Muñoz CamachoInstitut de Physique Nucléaire ORSAY, Orsay, FranceB. MustaphaArgonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USAP. Nadel-TurońskiThomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA 23606, USAS. NiccolaiInstitut de Physique Nucléaire ORSAY, Orsay, FranceG. NiculescuJames Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA 22807, USAI. NiculescuJames Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA 22807, USAM. OsipenkoIstituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, ItalyL. L. PappalardoINFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, ItalyR. ParemuzyanUniversity of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824-3568, USAK. ParkKyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Republic of KoreaE. PasyukThomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA 23606, USAW. PhelpsFlorida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
ABI
Abstract
The atomic nucleus is composed of two different kinds of fermions: protons and neutrons. If the protons and neutrons did not interact, the Pauli exclusion principle would force the majority of fermions (usually neutrons) to have a higher average momentum. Our high-energy electron-scattering measurements using (12)C, (27)Al, (56)Fe, and (208)Pb targets show that even in heavy, neutron-rich nuclei, short-range interactions between the fermions form correlated high-momentum neutron-proton pairs. Thus, in neutron-rich nuclei, protons have a greater probability than neutrons to have momentum greater than the Fermi momentum. This finding has implications ranging from nuclear few-body systems to neutron stars and may also be observable experimentally in two-spin-state, ultracold atomic gas systems.
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