Legislative mechanisms and problems of the imitation of natural dynamics and preservation of biological diversity of forest territories
Abstract
Biodiversity conservation and the maintenance of other ecosystem services are the bases of sustainable forestry management. This directive is reflected in the most important normative legal acts of the Russian Federation. The legislative requirements of federal and regional level for protection of the plant and animal objects and their habitat result from it. Nevertheless, the lack of synchronization of separate normative legal acts and insufficient development of the legislation don't allow to use effectively available legal mechanisms and possibilities of a administrative system for these purposes. The purposes of the paper are: 1) the analysis of the existing legal mechanisms of biodiversity conservation (BC) and a natural dynamic emulation (NDE) in forestry; 2) assessment of their efficiency, 3) identification of the most critical legislative and administrative features which do not allow to realize effectively the tasks of BC and NDE in forestry planning. The main existing legal ways of the tasks implementation and the arising difficulties are considered. The analysis of main legal mechanisms (establishment of different types of nature protecting areas, ecological networks, allocation of the protective forests, specially protective sites) is carried out. Special attention is paid to the efficiency of the administrative procedures regulating ecologically sustainable forest management. The regulations to preserve and restore the structural heterogeneity of stand are considered. The efficiency of the sustainable forest management regulations is estimated at the levels of stand, region and federal ecological assessment.