INFLUENCE OF METABOLIC SYNDROME ON RENAL FUNCTION IN PATIENTS WITH HYPERTENSION
Abstract
Objective: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a condition linking insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, and hypertension that increases the risk of developing diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and subsequent cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Hypertension is the key component of the metabolic syndrome. Aim of this study to estimate the impact of MetS on renal function in patients with hypertension. Design and method: 312 hypertensive patients without history of chronic kidney disease (CKD) or cardiovascular disease at baseline were analyzed. Participants were categorized into two groups based on the presence of MetS at baseline. Group-1, 218 patients with MetS and Group-2, 94 hypertensives without MetS. Mean age of the patients was 52.4 ± 12.4 years, male-52%. Incident CKD was defined as eGFR < 90 ml/min per 1.73 m2 over 3 years. Metabolic syndrome was diagnosed according to the “Harmonized definition of the MetS”. Results: During the 3-year follow-up period, CKD developed in 27 subjects (12.5%) in the Group-1 and in 7 subjects (7.5%) in the Group-2. Compared to subjects without MetS, the odds ratio (OR; 95% confidence interval, CI) of incident CKD in those with MetS was 1.29 (1.09–1.52) after controlling for confounding factors. The risk of decline of eGFR was also higher in hypertensive patients with MetS than those without MetS (OR: 1.14, 95% CI: 1.02–1.27). Conclusions: Metabolic syndrome is the risk factor for the development of CKD and patients with MetS should be treated more aggressive with reno-protective drugs.