甘肃亚高山云杉人工林土壤特性及水源涵养功能对林分密度的响应特征
冯宜明FENG Yi-ming1. College of Forestry, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; 2. Research Institute of Forestry, Bailongjiang Forestry Administration, Lanzhou 730070, China; 3. Gansu Bailongjiang National Forest Ecosystem Research Station, Wudu 746000, ChinaLi Yi曹秀文刘锦乾CAO Xiu-wen1. College of Forestry, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; 2. Research Institute of Forestry, Bailongjiang Forestry Administration, Lanzhou 730070, China; 3. Gansu Bailongjiang National Forest Ecosystem Research Station, Wudu 746000, ChinaLIU Jin-qian1. College of Forestry, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; 2. Research Institute of Forestry, Bailongjiang Forestry Administration, Lanzhou 730070, China; 3. Gansu Bailongjiang National Forest Ecosystem Research Station, Wudu 746000, China
ABI
Abstract
摘要: 定量分析不同密度云杉(Picea asperata)人工林的土壤特性及水源涵养功能,为人工林可持续经营提供理论依据。以28块7种不同密度梯度的云杉人工幼龄林为研究对象,采用样地调查及取样分析方法,测定土壤理化性质、枯落物持水量以及林地贮水性能等。结果表明:1)林分密度对云杉人工林的土壤容重、孔隙度、有机质含量、土壤持水量、枯落物蓄积量和持水量都具有显著影响,随着林分密度的增加,土壤孔隙度、土壤养分、枯落物蓄积量、枯落物持水量、土壤持水量表现为先增加后减小,而土壤容重则表现为先减小后增加。密度为1 550 株/hm2时林分土壤容重最小(1.09 g/cm3),总孔隙度较大(58.99%),有机质含量最高(9.12%),枯落物总蓄积量最多(44.41 t/hm2),最大持水量较高(166.67 t/hm2),是密度为3 000 株/hm2林分的4.49倍,土壤持水性能较好(3 898.93 t/hm2)。2)根据林地总贮水量评价的涵养水源功能依次为林分密度1 550 株/hm2(4 068.36 t/hm2)>密度1 750 株/hm2(3 945.32 t/hm2)>密度1 350株/hm2(3 698.39 t/hm2)>密度1 060 株/hm2(3 484.10 t/hm2)>密度2 300 株/hm2(3 157.60 t/hm2)>密度850 株/hm2(2 915.03 t/hm2)>密度3 000 株/hm2(2 820.81 t/hm2)。3)在该研究的林分密度范围内,密度为1 550 株/hm2时林分的土壤特性及水源涵养功能最佳。
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