Research and production of prototypes of lightweight concrete panel walls with a screen
Abstract
Introduction. In industrial housing construction in a dry hot climate, the issues of protecting the premises from overheating have not yet been resolved. The purpose of this study is the theoretical and experimental substantiation of the method of calculating the construction of lightweight concrete panel exterior walls with a screen for large-panel residential buildings in hot climates, with improved performance and providing technical and economic efficiency. Materials and methods. Methods have been developed for ensuring the normative amplitude of temperature fluctuations of the inner surface in the wall due to the targeted formation of material properties and design measures, lightweight concrete wall panels with a screen and suggestions for their production technology have been developed, and recommendations have been made for their operation conditions. The methods of a rational constructive solution to the sun wall consisting of a sunscreen and a supporting structure separated by an air gap have been investigated. Results. It was supposed to carry out theoretical and experimental studies of the operational properties of lightweight concrete panels of external walls with a screen in laboratory and in-situ conditions. The work was performed in stages: At the first stage, the design and production technology of panels with a screen on prototype fragments under laboratory conditions was performed. For this, experimental fragments of 1 × 2 m panels will be made in the laboratory. The parameters of the air gap were determined from the condition of ensuring sufficient natural ventilation. At the second stage, a study was made of the rational structure of lightweight concrete for exterior walls in hot climates. To find the optimal structure of lightweight concrete from a thermal point of view, a 3-factor experiment was conducted. At the third stage, a theoretical study of the temperature regime of shielded and single-layer large-panel exterior walls was performed. At the fourth stage there was a generalization of the above studies, the manufacture and installation of experimental-industrial designs of panels with a screen in the amount of 10 pieces. At the Bukhara house-building combine. Conclusions. The described study by the method of experimental design and the experimental production of sample fragments confirmed the possibility of producing panels with a screen and an air gap in a single technological cycle. Analysis of the results of theoretical calculations shows that walls with vertical screens and a ventilated air gap are quite effective means of reducing the exposure of solar radiation to buildings and reducing the cost of cooling premises.