Anatomic and topographic features of oculomotor muscles and clinical manifestations in children with vertical strabismus
Abstract
Aim: To determine the anatomic and topographic features of the lateral (LRM) and medial rectus (MRM) muscles of the eyeball and clinical manifestations in children with vertical strabismus. Material and methods: We examined 50 children aged 410 years with congenital squint (vertical, 38; horizontal, 12). Ophthalmologic, ultrasonography, and intraoperative studies were performed. Using the anatomic and topographic parameters of the LRM and MRM, the angle (the angle of attachment of the tendons of these muscles) was determined. Results: With horizontal divergence and convergence deviations of the eyeball from () 20 to () 70 prism, diopter angle does not exceed 8, with a combination of horizontal deviations from () 20 to () 70 and vertical deviations from 8 to 10 prism diopters and higher, the angle varies from 10 to 20. Moreover, the increase in the angle is proportional to the increase in horizontal and vertical deviations of the eye. The echographic parameters of the thickness of the MRM and LRM in children with vertical and horizontal strabismus significantly exceed intraoperative ones (by 1.52.15 mm on average), which could be attributed to technical limitations in measurement. Conclusion: The identified features, according to the authors, must be taken into account in surgery correction of vertical strabismus in children, that is when determining surgical dosage for resection, recession, and transposition of the horizontal muscles.