Clinical and hormonal features of type 2 diabetes mellitus associated with chronic heart failure
Abstract
According to the data of regional endocrinological dispensaries, 277,926 patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) were registered in Republic of Uzbekistan in 2020, 18178 of them type 1 diabetes, 259,748 patients with type 2 diabetes. It should be noted that the true number of DM patients exceeds the registered one by 10 times, while over the past 18 years, the number of DM patients in Uzbekistan has increased by 2.4 times (according to the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Uzbekistan).Type 2 diabetes mellitus (type 2 diabetes) and chronic heart failure –CHF) are a dangerous syndrome of a combination of two diseases, each of which individually significantly worsens the quality of life of patients, and together are an important risk factor for severe disability and early mortality. [1]. Currently, CVD, type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are already considered as a single cardio-reno-metabolic syndrome, or continuum. It has been shown that the relationship between these diseases has a permanent character with common risk factors and mechanisms of progression. [2]. The relationship between type 2 diabetes and CVD was first described in 1954 by Knud Lundbeck, who published an article on the development of specific cardiomyopathy (CMP) in patients with type 2 diabetes [1]. Further in 1972, S. Rubler and co-authors demonstrated that cardiomegaly with congestive heart failure may be associated with type 2 diabetes [2]. Only in 1979, data from the Framingham Heart Study for the first time showed that type 2 diabetes increases the risk of developing CHF by 5 times in women and 2.4 times in men, regardless of the presence of coronary heart disease (CHD) and arterial hypertension (AH) [3].