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Stripes in the extended $t-t^\prime$ Hubbard model: A Variational Monte Carlo analysis

Vito MarinoPolytechnic University of TurinFederico BeccaUniversity of TriesteLuca F. TocchioPolytechnic University of Turin
SciPost Physicsjournal2022en
ABI

Abstract

By using variational quantum Monte Carlo techniques, we investigate the instauration of stripes (i.e., charge and spin inhomogeneities) in the Hubbard model on the square lattice at hole doping \delta=1/8 <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>δ</mml:mi> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> <mml:mi>/</mml:mi> <mml:mn>8</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> , with both nearest- ( t <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <mml:mi>t</mml:mi> </mml:math> ) and next-nearest-neighbor hopping ( t^\prime <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>t</mml:mi> <mml:mi>′</mml:mi> </mml:msup> </mml:math> ). Stripes with different wavelengths \lambda <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <mml:mi>λ</mml:mi> </mml:math> (denoting the periodicity of the charge inhomogeneity) and character (bond- or site-centered) are stabilized for sufficiently large values of the electron-electron interaction U/t <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>U</mml:mi> <mml:mi>/</mml:mi> <mml:mi>t</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> . The general trend is that \lambda <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <mml:mi>λ</mml:mi> </mml:math> increases going from negative to positive values of t^\prime/t <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>t</mml:mi> <mml:mi>′</mml:mi> </mml:msup> <mml:mi>/</mml:mi> <mml:mi>t</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> and decreases by increasing U/t <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>U</mml:mi> <mml:mi>/</mml:mi> <mml:mi>t</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> . In particular, the \lambda=8 <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>λ</mml:mi> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:mn>8</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> stripe obtained for t^\prime=0 <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>t</mml:mi> <mml:mi>′</mml:mi> </mml:msup> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> and U/t=8 <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>U</mml:mi> <mml:mi>/</mml:mi> <mml:mi>t</mml:mi> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:mn>8</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> [L.F. Tocchio, A. Montorsi, and F. Becca, SciPost Phys. 21 (2019)] shrinks to \lambda=6 <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>λ</mml:mi> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:mn>6</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> for U/t\gtrsim 10 <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>U</mml:mi> <mml:mi>/</mml:mi> <mml:mi>t</mml:mi> <mml:mo>≳</mml:mo> <mml:mn>10</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> . For t^\prime/t&lt;0 <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>t</mml:mi> <mml:mi>′</mml:mi> </mml:msup> <mml:mi>/</mml:mi> <mml:mi>t</mml:mi> <mml:mo>&lt;</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> , the stripe with \lambda=5 <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>λ</mml:mi> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:mn>5</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> </

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