Genes controlling adaptive traits of pine and spruce trees
Abstract
In recent years, there is an increasing attention to the issues of sustainable forest management.One of the promising methods to address these issues is genomic editing.Genomic editing currently faces regulatory limitations due to the possible horizontal transfer of genes from edited plants into natural ecosystems.This study focuses on the issue of obtaining sterile poplar and aspen clones, which are not subject to regulatory restrictions due to the use of genetic engineering methods.This article summarizes early studies of flowering genes aimed at creating sterile plants through gene modification, Describes experiments to reveal the role of genes in flowering using the BARNASE:BARSTAR system, RNA interference and gene editing.The article briefly summarizes the principles of CRISPR/Cas editing.Some online resources used to search for spacers in the genome of the subject being edited are listed.A method is described for obtaining gid RNA inside the pUC57-sgRNA bacterial vector by restriction with BsaI and subsequent spacer ligation.Early studies on methods for the delivery of editing constructs into poplar cells are also reviewed, and the possibility of their application to free-stranded editing is evaluated.The article discusses the significant advantages of the genome editing method over gene modification.The results of creating sterile aspens can be widely used as a breeding base for further experiments on changing economically valuable traits, and will also help to assess the real potential of using gene editing for perennial plants.