Article

Hydrogel Micro/Nanostructures for the Delivery of Oncolytic Viruses: Overcoming Limitations and Improving Efficacy

Chou‐Yi HsuThunderbird School of Global Management, Arizona State University Tempe Campus, Phoenix, Arizona 85004, USASaade Abdalkareem JasimMedical Laboratory Techniques Department, College of Health and Medical Techniques, University of Al-Maarif, Anbar, IraqJasur RizaevDepartment of Public Health and Healthcare Management, Rector, Samarkand State Medical University, 18, Amir Temur Street, Samarkand, UzbekistanTina Saeed BasunduwahDepartment of Medical Student, University of Albatterjee College, Jeddah, Saudi ArabiaVikrant AbbotMamata ChaharDepartment of Chemistry, NIMS University, Jaipur, IndiaMohammed AsiriDepartment of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi ArabiaAbbas Fadhel AliDepartment of Medical Laboratories Technology, AL-Nisour University College, Baghdad, IraqAlexei Valerievich YumashevDepartment of Prosthetic Dentistry, First Moscow State Medical University, RussiaAhmed Hussein ZwamelMedical Laboratory Technique College, the Islamic University of Al Diwaniyah, Al Diwaniyah, Iraq

Advanced Pharmaceutical Bulletinjournal2025en

ABI

Abstract

Oncolytic viruses (OVs) have attracted accumulating attention in cancer therapy owing to their ability to replicate in and kill tumor cells, resulting in the stimulation of immune responses for eradicating residual and distant malignant cells. Despite milestone achievements in the development of OVs, which led to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval of talimogene laherparepvec (T-VEC) in 2015 against melanoma, there are some hurdles limiting their translation from the bench to the clinic, such as non-specific localization, host immune response against OVs and their clearance, and low efficiency as a monotherapy. Delivery of OVs with nano-biomaterials is a promising approach to address the drawback of oncolytic virotherapy. Hydrogels, with their tunable characteristics and versatile properties, offer a promising platform for the controlled release, precise delivery, and therapeutic enhancement of OVs in combination with other therapeutic agents in the treatment of cancers. This review aims to provide a deep insight into the types and development of OVs and their application in clinical trials and then will discuss the characteristics of hydrogels and how they improve the therapeutic efficacy of OVs.

Topics

Virus-based gene therapy research Viral Infectious Diseases and Gene Expression in Insects Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology

Identifiers

DOI: 10.34172/apb.025.45842

Citations and references

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