Comprehensive Therapy for Burning Mouth Syndrome in Menopausal Women
Abstract
Burning Mouth Syndrome (BMS) in menopausal women is a neuropathic pain disorder associated with persistent oral burning sensations, xerostomia, and dysgeusia. The condition is linked to estrogen deficiency, central sensitization, and altered pain modulation. This study evaluates the effectiveness of a structured multimodal therapeutic approach. A cohort of 67 menopausal women (45–67 years) underwent clinical, psychometric, and laboratory assessments, including the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for pain, the Challacombe Scale of Clinical Oral Dryness (CSCOD), and the Spielberger Anxiety Inventory, Montgomery–Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS), and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Salivary and hormonal profiles were analyzed to determine inflammatory mediators and estrogen levels. The therapeutic protocol included neuromodulators, salivary stimulants, cognitive-behavioral therapy, and targeted hormonal interventions. The results demonstrated a significant reduction in pain intensity, improved oral function, and stabilization of psychological status. The findings support a multidisciplinary approach as a necessary strategy for effective management of BMS in menopausal patients.