Remote Monitoring of Land Areas in Agriculture Based on Wireless Network Technologies
Abstract
This study presents the development and simulation of a remote environmental monitoring system for enclosed land areas using the Proteus simulation environment and the Arduino microcontroller platform. The objective was to evaluate the feasibility of real-time acquisition and monitoring of critical environmental parameters –including temperature, humidity, and ambient light intensity –through both a centralised monitoring station and a web-based interface. A comprehensive analysis was conducted on the system’s operational algorithm, hardware configuration, and simulation model. Sensor data is captured and displayed via an LCD module and a virtual terminal at the monitoring centre, while simultaneously transmitted to a web server via an Internet connection. Changes in sensor readings are dynamically reflected on the web interface in real time, ensuring timely access to current environmental conditions. Experimental validation confirmed the system’s accuracy, stability, and reliability under various operational scenarios. The study demonstrates the applicability of the proposed system in domains such as agricultural fields, greenhouses, and storage facilities, where continuous monitoring of environmental conditions is essential. The system offers several advantages, including low-cost implementation, scalability, and automated data reporting—thus reducing the need for manual intervention. Furthermore, the integration of simulation-based modeling with real-time data acquisition provides a robust pre-deployment testing environment. These findings suggest that the proposed architecture can serve as a reliable solution for smart monitoring applications in resource-sensitive environments.