Phonological and Acoustic Analysis of Consonant Phonemes in the Uzbek Language
Abstract
This study presents a comprehensive phonological and acoustic analysis of Uzbek consonant phonemes, with the goal of proposing a structured consonant inventory suitable for grapheme-to-phoneme (G2P) conversion and text-to-speech (TTS) systems. Consonants are examined based on articulatory features (place and manner of articulation), voicing, and positional occurrence (anlaut, inlaut, auslaut). The analysis incorporates duration measurements of phoneme realizations across different phonotactic contexts, revealing patterns of allophonic variation and segmental prominence. Historical phonological observations and native linguistic descriptions are integrated with acoustic data to ensure both theoretical and practical reliability. The resulting consonant inventory offers a standardized and linguistically grounded foundation for computational modeling of Uzbek phonology, particularly in low-resource language processing tasks such as automatic phoneme annotation, G2P alignment, and high-quality TTS synthesis.