APPLICATION OF METHYLOL DERIVATIVES OF UREAS AND THIOUREAS IN AGRICULTURE AS FUNGICIDES AND PLANT GROWTH STIMULANTS
Abstract
The article explores modern approaches in agrochemistry focused on the use of coordination compounds of organic ligands with microelements (Cu²⁺, Co²⁺, Zn²⁺). These compounds demonstrate dual functionality: antifungal protection and stimulation of plant physiological growth. Copper complexes showed the strongest fungicidal effect, almost completely inhibiting Botrytis cinerea growth at 0.025% concentration, outperforming conventional copper-based formulations. Field and greenhouse trials revealed an 8–18% increase in seed germination, 12–25% enhancement in root and shoot biomass, and improved tolerance to drought and salinity stress. Due to their biological activity, selectivity, and ecological safety, such compounds can serve as a new generation of agrochemicals in Uzbekistan, replacing imported fungicides, boosting yields, and contributing to sustainable agriculture.