Technology for Producing Capsulated Urea with Stabilized Solubility
Abstract
This study investigates the production of encapsulated urea with stabilized solubility through the incorporation of ethyl cellulose and polyacrylamide into molten urea. The research identifies optimal technological parameters for achieving granules with enhanced mechanical strength, reduced solubility, and improved agrochemical efficiency. The addition of these polymers decreases the dissolution rate of urea granules by more than threefold, reduces pH and porosity, and increases the hygroscopic point and structural stability of the crystals. Rheological properties of molten mixtures were analyzed to ensure proper granulation behavior. A technological scheme and material balance for industrial-scale production were developed based on laboratory trials. The resulting fertilizer ensures slow nutrient release, mitigates nitrogen losses in soil, and improves soil physicochemical characteristics, contributing to sustainable agricultural productivity.