Geo-ecological monitoring of landscapes of the Middle Zarafshan River Basin in Uzbekistan

The Middle Zarafshan River Basin in Uzbekistan is undergoing significant ecological changes due to climate variability and human-induced pressures. This study used geoecological monitoring methods that combined field surveys, remote sensing, and GIS analysis to assess soil quality, hydrology, vegetation dynamics, and land degradation indicators. Results showed that soil salinization and erosion were the main threats, with electrical conductivity exceeding 7.9 dS/m and erosion rates exceeding 9.2 t/ha/yr in vulnerable areas. Hydrological assessments revealed seasonal variability, with total dissolved solids exceeding 1400 mg/l in agricultural areas. Vegetation analysis showed a decrease in NDVI values in degraded lands associated with increased desertification. ANOVA results confirmed significant differences in vegetation cover and biomass productivity across landscapes. The study highlights the urgent need for sustainable land and water management strategies to mitigate degradation risks. Integrated geoecological monitoring is essential for guiding conservation policies and ensuring long-term ecological sustainability.

Not yet translated