ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬ ХИРУРГИЧЕСКИХ МЕТОДОВ ЛЕЧЕНИЯ СИНДРОМА СУХОГО ГЛАЗА АССОЦИРОВАННОГО С СИНДРОМОМ ШЕГРЕНА (ОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ)
Abstract
Relevance. Dry eye syndrome (DES) associated with Sjögren’s syndrome is one of the key manifestations of the disease, significantly impairing patients’ quality of life. Conservative treatment shows limited effectiveness, especially in severe forms of the disease, which justifies the need for surgical treatment methods. Objective. To study and analyze the effectiveness of various surgical methods for the treatment of dry eye syndrome associated with Sjögren’s syndrome based on a literature review. Materials and Methods. A comprehensive literature review was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library databases. Search queries included the terms: dry eye syndrome, Sjögren’s syndrome, lacrimal punctal occlusion, and punctal cauterization. Studies evaluating the outcomes of temporary and permanent punctal occlusion as well as salivary gland transplantation were analyzed. Results. The analysis demonstrated that surgical occlusion of the lacrimal drainage system significantly improves xerophthalmia symptoms in patients with Sjögren’s syndrome. Improvement in tear production and tear film stability was observed with both temporary and permanent occlusion methods. Salivary gland transplantation proved effective in severe cases, contributing to the reduction of dry eye symptoms. Long-term observations confirmed the sustainability of the positive effects of surgical intervention. Conclusion. Surgical treatment methods are an effective option for severe forms of dry eye syndrome associated with Sjögren’s syndrome, especially when conservative therapy proves insufficient. Further comparative studies are needed to optimize the selection of surgical techniques and to assess their long-term outcomes.