Adaptive Lightweight Blockchain Framework for IoT Communication (ALB-IoT)
Abstract
IoT has rapidly grown, and this has been a severe requirement that has imposed a communication framework with security, scalability and efficiency requirements. High computational costs, latency and power usage and/or subject to IoT-specific constraints lead to traditional blockchain systems not satisfying the IoT constraints. In order to overcome these challenges, this paper proposes the new design of Adaptive Lightweight Blockchain Framework of IoT Communication (ALB-IoT) that takes some of the most recent improvements to enhance the performance. To tackle this, the framework next introduces the Micro-Block Aggregation Protocol (MBAP) which combines a set of IoT transactions into microblock to minimise storage overhead and maximise throughput. Besides, the Dynamic Proof of Trust (DPoT) consensus assigns trust scores to IoT nodes based on their profile in order to select a leader effectively and reduce the delays of consensus. The Lightweight Homomorphic Encryption (LHE) can be used to encrypt data and allow the processing of encrypted data without decryption to boost security and does not exceed the resources of IoT devices. In addition, the Edge-Driven Blockchain Orchestration (EBO) is predictive analytics to continuously vary block size and the time intervals of the consensus, and Adaptive Sharding in IoT Clusters (ASIC) addresses nodes as cluster groups to enhance the scalability. The experimental findings reveal that the ALB-IoT reduces latency by 40 percent, energy consumed is 30 percent lower and even the throughput is high compared to the ordinary blockchain models. This type of solution will significantly enhance scalable and secure communication of large-scale IoT systems.