Prevention of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting After Bariatric Surgery in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome
Abstract
Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) remain among the most common and distressing complications following bariatric surgery, particularly in patients with metabolic syndrome. PONV not only increases patient discomfort but may also lead to dehydration, delayed recovery, prolonged hospitalization, and increased healthcare costs. The aim of this review is to evaluate current evidence on effective strategies for PONV prevention in bariatric patients with metabolic syndrome, including pharmacological interventions, multimodal anesthetic techniques, and risk-adapted approaches. Recent studies indicate that a combination of multimodal antiemetic prophylaxis and opioid-sparing anesthetic protocols significantly reduces PONV incidence and improves postoperative outcomes in this high-risk population.