GREEN GROWTH AND INVESTMENT ATTRACTION IN FREE ECONOMIC ZONES: INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCES
Abstract
This article examines the role of Free Economic Zones (FEZs) in promoting green growth and attracting sustainable investment, with a comparative focus on China, Brazil, and Kazakhstan. Drawing on official reports from UNCTAD, OECD, and the World Bank, as well as national policy documents, the study highlights how FEZs integrate renewable energy, eco‑industrial clusters, and green finance instruments. The findings show that China’s innovation‑driven FEZs, Brazil’s bio‑economy initiatives, and Kazakhstan’s green finance reforms collectively demonstrate diverse pathways toward sustainable development. The article concludes with policy insights on how FEZs can align reforms with international best practices and support the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).