PHARMACOTHERAPEUTIC ASPECTS OF GOUT IN WOMEN: A CONTEMPORARY PERSPECTIVE
Abstract
Gout is a metabolic disease with a prevalence of 1–4%, manifested by acute arthritis. In women, the disease predominantly emerges after the onset of menopause, develops against a background of multimorbidity (including arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease, and cardiovascular pathology), and is associated with more pronounced impairments in functional activity. This review analyzes gender-specific features of the pathogenesis, clinical presentation, and pharmacotherapy of gout. It emphasizes that extrapolation of study data predominantly based on male populations may be inappropriate. The efficacy and safety of xanthine oxidase inhibitors (allopurinol, febuxostat), uricosuric agents, and drugs for the management of acute attacks in women are considered. Special attention is given to therapeutic challenges associated with comorbid conditions. Literature sources were searched in PubMed, MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, CyberLeninka, and ЕLIBRARY databases for the period 2018–2024 using the keywords: “gout,” “hyperuricemia,” “women,” “gender differences,” “pharmacotherapy.” Key words: gout, women, hyperuricemia, pharmacotherapy, comorbidity.