Article

Iron Oxide-Based Magnetic Nano catalysts as Sustainable Platforms for Coumarin Derivative Synthesis: Recent Developments and Perspectives: A Review

Zaman Abdalhussein Ibadi AlaridheeDepartment of Medical Laboratory Techniques, College of Health and Medical Techniques, University of Alkafeel, Najaf, IraqGafur AbdulakimovPhD, Professor, School of Natural Sciences, National University of Uzbekistan named after Mirzo Ulugbek, Tashkent, UzbekistanAseel SmeratHourani Center for Applied Scientific Research, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman 19328, JordanDilafruz KholmurodovaScientific and Practical Center of Immunology, Allergology and Human Genomics, Samarkand State Medical University, Makhdum-i Aʿẓam st. 18, Samarkand 140104, UzbekistanKhasan BerdimuradovChemistry and physics, Western Caspian University, Baku, AZ-1001, AzerbaijanRasulbek Jumyazovich EshmetovSadridin EshkaraevTermez University of Economics and ServiceJasur TursunqulovDepartment of Pharmaceuticals and Chemistry, Alfraganus University, 100190, Tashkent, UzbekistanElyor BerdimurodovSchool of Engineering, Central Asian University, Tashkent, 111221, UzbekistanOkhunjon KhasanovTashkent State Technical University, Tashkent, 100095, UzbekistanReza AzimiSchool of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

2026en

ABI

Abstract

Coumarin derivatives are versatile heterocyclic compounds with significant applications in pharmaceutical chemistry, materials science, and photochemical systems. This review critically summarizes recent advances in the sustainable synthesis of coumarin derivatives using iron‑based magnetic nanocatalysts, with a focus on catalytic efficiency, recyclability, and environmental compatibility. Key Fe‑based systems, including Fe₃O₄ NPs, surface‑functionalized magnetic composites, and hybrid nanostructures, are discussed in relation to major transformations such as Knoevenagel and Pechmann condensations and multicomponent reactions. Particular attention is given to the impact of magnetic recoverability, high surface area, and tunable surface functionality on catalytic performance and green chemistry metrics. The influence of reaction parameters (solvent, temperature, catalyst loading, and functional group tolerance) on yield and selectivity is briefly assessed, and the advantages of magnetic nanocatalysts over conventional homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts are outlined. Remaining challenges, including catalyst leaching, long‑term stability, and scalability, are highlighted, together with future directions for the rational design of advanced magnetic nanocatalysts for coumarin synthesis.

Identifiers

DOI: 10.1016/j.nwnano.2026.100241

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