Challenges in Using Hyperspectral Remote Sensing for Heavy Metal Detection in Mangrove Soils

Hyperspectral remote sensing has a lot of potential in identifying the heavy metals in the mangrove soil, however, the issues of spectral interference, spatial and temporal variability, as well as restriction of sensor are to be solved. The most recent developments, including the incorporation of machine learning and AI-based models, multispectral fusion, and enhanced sensor technologies, have assisted in enhancing detection. These techniques are however subject to further research so that they can be refined and better calibration and validation techniques can be developedNonetheless, hyperspectral remote sensing has potential as an efficient instrument of environmental scrutiny, especially of the mangrove ecosystems. With the help of comprehensive and ongoing information about the soil texture and the level of contamination, hyperspectral sensors can help to better manage mangrove forests, as well as contribute to the long-term sustainability of the environment.

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