The Experience of the Republic of Uzbekistan: Long-Term Community-Based Reintegration of Women and Children Returnees from Conflict Zones
Abstract
This article examines the Republic of Uzbekistan’s comprehensive approach to the long-term reintegration of women and children repatriated from conflict zones in Afghanistan, Iraq, and Syria. The program, implemented through the Multidisciplinary Social Protection Center “Barkaror Hayat,” represents a unique model combining state responsibility, community engagement, and human rights-based frameworks. Drawing on practical implementation experience spanning multiple years, this study analyzes the key factors enabling successful repatriation, specific rehabilitation programs for different demographic groups, the critical role of mahallas (community councils) in sustainable reintegration, and the challenges encountered in implementation. The findings demonstrate that gender-sensitive, community-based approaches that address both immediate needs and long-term social integration can effectively counter stigmatization and prevent re-radicalization. The article also identifies remaining gaps in monitoring and evaluation systems, proposes recommendations for strengthening program sustainability, and offers insights for other countries confronting similar repatriation challenges.