Prethermalization and universal dynamics in near-integrable quantum systems
Tim LangenJILA, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USAThomas GasenzerExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Planckstraße 1, 64291 Darmstadt, GermanyJörg SchmiedmayerVienna Center for Quantum Science and Technology, Atominstitut, TU Wien, Stadionallee 2, 1020 Wien, Austria
2016en
ABI
Abstract
Abstract We review the recent progress in the understanding of the relaxation of isolated near-integrable quantum many-body systems. Focusing on prethermalization and universal dynamics following a quench, we describe the experiments with ultracold atomic gases that illustrate these phenomena and summarize the essential theoretical concepts employed to interpret them. Our discussion highlights the key topics that link the different approaches to this interdisciplinary field, including the generalized Gibbs ensemble, non-thermal fixed points, critical slowing and universal scaling. Finally, we point to new experimental challenges demonstrating these fundamental features of many-body quantum systems out of equilibrium.
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