Article

Phylogenetic generic classification of parmelioid lichens (Parmeliaceae, Ascomycota) based on molecular, morphological and chemical evidence

Ana CrespoUniversidad Complutense de Madrid Departamento de Biología Vegetal II, Facultad de Farmacia Plaza de Ramón y Cajal s/n, Madrid 28040 SpainFrank KauffFB Biologie, Molecular Phylogenetics 13/276, TU Kaiserslautern, Postfach 3049, Kaiserslautern 67653 GermanyPradeep K. DivakarUniversidad Complutense de Madrid Departamento de Biología Vegetal II, Facultad de Farmacia Plaza de Ramón y Cajal s/n, Madrid 28040 SpainRuth Del‐PradoUniversidad Complutense de Madrid Departamento de Biología Vegetal II, Facultad de Farmacia Plaza de Ramón y Cajal s/n, Madrid 28040 SpainSergio Pérez‐OrtegaUniversidad Complutense de Madrid Departamento de Biología Vegetal II, Facultad de Farmacia Plaza de Ramón y Cajal s/n, Madrid 28040 SpainGuillermo Amo de PazUniversidad Complutense de Madrid Departamento de Biología Vegetal II, Facultad de Farmacia Plaza de Ramón y Cajal s/n, Madrid 28040 SpainZuzana FerencováUniversidad Complutense de Madrid Departamento de Biología Vegetal II, Facultad de Farmacia Plaza de Ramón y Cajal s/n, Madrid 28040 SpainÓscar BlancoInstituto Nacional del Consumo Unidad de Bioanálisis, Centro de Investigación y Control de calidad Avda Cantabria s/n Madrid 28042 SpainBeatriz Roca‐ValienteUniversidad Complutense de Madrid Departamento de Biología Vegetal II, Facultad de Farmacia Plaza de Ramón y Cajal s/n, Madrid 28040 SpainJano Núñez‐ZapataUniversidad Complutense de Madrid Departamento de Biología Vegetal II, Facultad de Farmacia Plaza de Ramón y Cajal s/n, Madrid 28040 SpainPilar CubasUniversidad Complutense de Madrid Departamento de Biología Vegetal II, Facultad de Farmacia Plaza de Ramón y Cajal s/n, Madrid 28040 SpainArturo ArgüelloDepartment of Chemistry Australian National University P.O. Box 4, Canberra, A.C.T. 0200 AustraliaJohn A. ElixDepartment of Biological Sciences Dept North Dakota State University 2715, PO Box 6050 Fargo, North Dakota 58108-6050 U.S.ATheodore L. EsslingerUniversidad Complutense de Madrid Departamento de Biología Vegetal II, Facultad de Farmacia Plaza de Ramón y Cajal s/n, Madrid 28040 SpainDavid L. HawksworthUniversidad Rey Juan Carlos Área de Biodiversidad y Conservación c/ Tulipán s/n., 28933 Móstoles (Madrid) SpainAna M. MillanesUniversidad Rey Juan Carlos Área de Biodiversidad y Conservación c/ Tulipán s/n., 28933 Móstoles (Madrid) SpainMaría del Carmen MolinaSwedish Museum of Natural History Cryptogamic Botany P.O. Box 50007, Stockholm 104 05 SwedenMats WedinHelsinki University Botanical Garden and Museum, Finnish Museum of Natural History P.O. Box 7 00014 FinlandTeuvo AhtıABL Herbarium G.v.d. Veenstraat 107, 3762 XK, Soest NetherlandsAndré AptrootUniversitat de València Department of Botany, Fac. of Biology ICBIBE, C/ Dr. Moliner 50, Burjassot (Valencia) 46100 SpainEva BarrenoCharles Darwin Foundation for the Galapagos Islands Av. 6 de Diciembre N 36-109 y Pasaje California, Post Box 17-01-3891, Quito EcuadorFrank BungartzInstituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente (INIBIOMA, CONICET-UNComahue) Quintral 1250, R8400 FRF, San Carlos de Bariloche, Río Negro ArgentinaSusana CalveloAnadolu University Department of Biology, Faculty of Science Eskişehir TurkeyMehmet Candan2017 Thure Ave., St. Paul Minnesota 55116 U.S.AMariette S. ColeNational Botanic Garden of Belgium Department of Bryophytes-Thallophytes, Domaine de Bouchout 1860 Meise BelgiumDamien ErtzUniversity of Connecticut Ecology and Evolutionary Biology 75 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3043 U.S.ABernard GoffinetNational Botanical Research Institute (CSIR) Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226001 IndiaLouise LindblomUniversity of Bergen Museum of Natural History Box 7800, Bergen 5020 NorwayRobert LückingThe Field Museum Department of Botany 1400 S. Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, Illinois 60605 U.S.AFrançois LutzoniDuke University Department of Biology Box 90338, Durhamm, North Carolina 27708 U.S.AJan‐Eric MattssonSödertörns University School of Life Sciences 141 89 Huddinge SwedenMaría Inés MessutiCharles Darwin Foundation for the Galapagos Islands Av. 6 de Diciembre N 36-109 y Pasaje California, Post Box 17-01-3891, Quito EcuadorJolanta MiądlikowskaDuke University Department of Biology Box 90338, Durhamm, North Carolina 27708 U.S.AMichele D. Piercey‐NormoreUniversity of Manitoba Department of Botany Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2 CanadaVíctor J. RicoUniversidad Complutense de Madrid Departamento de Biología Vegetal II, Facultad de Farmacia Plaza de Ramón y Cajal s/n, Madrid 28040 SpainHarrie J. M. SipmanFreie Universität Berlin Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin-Dahlem Königin-Luise-Straße 6–8, Berlin 14195 GermanyImke SchmittBiodiversity and Climate Research Centre BiK-F Senckenberganlage 25, Frankfurt am Main 60325 GermanyToby SpribilleKarl-Franzens-University Graz Institute for Plant Sciences Holteigasse 6, 8010 Graz AustriaArne ThellLund University Dept. of Systematic Botany Östra Vallgatan 18–20, 223 61 Lund SwedenGöran ThorSwedish University of Agricultural Sciences Department of Ecology Box 7044, Uppsala 750 07 SwedenD. K. UpretiNational Botanical Research Institute (CSIR) Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226001 IndiaH. Thorsten LumbschThe Field Museum Department of Botany 1400 S. Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, Illinois 60605 U.S.A

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Abstract

Abstract Parmelioid lichens are a diverse and ubiquitous group of foliose lichens. Generic delimitation in parmelioid lichens has been in a state of flux since the late 1960s with the segregation of the large, heterogeneous genus Parmelia into numerous smaller genera. Recent molecular phylogenetic studies have demonstrated that some of these new genera were monophyletic, some were not, and others, previously believed to be unrelated, fell within single monophyletic groups, indicating the need for a revision of the generic delimitations. This study aims to give an overview of current knowledge of the major clades of all parmelioid lichens. For this, we assembled a dataset of 762 specimens, including 31 of 33 currently accepted parmelioid genera (and 63 of 84 accepted genera of Parmeliaceae). We performed maximum likelihood and Bayesian analyses of combined datasets including two, three and four loci. Based on these phylogenies and the correlation of morphological and chemical characters that characterize monophyletic groups, we accept 27 genera within nine main clades. We re‐circumscribe several genera and reduce Parmelaria to synonymy with Parmotrema. Emodomelanelia Divakar & A. Crespo is described as a new genus (type: E. masonii). Nipponoparmelia (Kurok.) K.H. Moon, Y. Ohmura & Kashiw. ex A. Crespo & al. is elevated to generic rank and 15 new combinations are proposed (in the genera Flavoparmelia, Parmotrema, Myelochroa, Melanelixia and Nipponoparmelia). A short discussion of the accepted genera is provided and remaining challenges and areas requiring additional taxon sampling are identified.

Identifiers

DOI: 10.1002/tax.596008

Citations and references

Cited by 30 references

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