Ongoing declines for the world’s amphibians in the face of emerging threats
Jennifer LuedtkeIUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. [email protected]Janice ChansonKelsey NeamLouise HobinAdriano Oliveira MacielMuseu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, CZO/Herpetologia, Belém, BrazilAlessandro CatenazziCentro de Ornitologia y Biodiversidad (CORBIDI), Lima, PeruAmaël BorzéeIUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group, Toronto, Ontario, CanadaAmir HamidyLaboratory of Herpetology, Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense, Research Center for Biosystematics and Evolution, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Cibinong, IndonesiaAnchalee AowpholDepartment of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, ThailandAnderson JeanAction Pour la Sauvegarde de l'Ecologie en Haïti (ACSEH), Les Cayes, HaitiÁngel Sosa-BartuanoMuseo de Vertebrados de la Universidad de Panamá, Ciudad de Panama, PanamaA GAnslem de SilvaIUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group, Sri Lanka, Gampola, Sri LankaAntoine FouquetLaboratoire Évolution & Diversité Biologique, UMR 5174, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, FranceAriadne AnguloА. А. КидовRussian State Agrarian University-MTAA, Moscow, RussiaArturo Muñoz SaraviaAnimal Nutrition Unit, Department of Veterinary and Biosciences, Ghent University, Ghent, BelgiumArvin C. DiesmosASEAN Centre for Biodiversity, University of the Philippines Los Baños, Laguna, PhilippinesA TominagaFaculty of Education, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, JapanBiraj ShresthaSAVE THE FROGS!, Laguna Beach, CA, USABrian GratwickeSmithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, Front Royal, VA, USABurhan TjaturadiCenter for Environmental Studies, Sanata Dharma University (CESSDU), Yogyakarta, IndonesiaCarlos C. Martínez RiveraCarlos R. Vásquez AlmazánFUNDAECO, Guatemala City, GuatemalaJ. Celsa SeñarisEstación Biológica de Doñana (EBD-CSIC), Seville, SpainS.R. ChandramouliDepartment of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, IndiaChristine StrüssmannUniversidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, BrazilClaudia Fabiola Cortez FernándezIUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group Bolivia, La Paz, BoliviaClaudio AzatSustainability Research Center & PhD Program in Conservation Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, ChileConrad J. HoskinCollege of Science & Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, AustraliaCraig Hilton‐TaylorDavid Attenborough Building, IUCN, Cambridge, UKDamion L. WhyteDepartment of Life Sciences, University of the West Indies Mona, Kingston, JamaicaDavid J. GowerThe Natural History Museum, London, UKDeanna H. OlsonPacific Northwest Research Station, United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Corvallis, OR, USADiego F. Cisneros‐HerediaInstituto Nacional de Biodiversidad INABIO, Quito, EcuadorDiego José SantanaInstituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, BrazilElizah NagombiThe New Guinea Binatang Research Center, Madang, Papua New GuineaElnaz Najafi-MajdDepartment of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Ege University, İzmir, TurkeyEvan S. H. QuahInstitute for Tropical Biology and Conservation, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, MalaysiaFederico BolañosCIBET (Museo de Zoología), Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa RicaFeng XieChengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, People's Republic of ChinaFrancisco BrusquettiInstituto de Investigación Biológica del Paraguay, Asunción, ParaguayFrancisco S. ÁlvarezFundación Naturaleza El Salvador, San Salvador, El SalvadorFranco AndreoneMuseo Regionale di Scienze Naturali, Torino, ItalyFrank GlawZoologische Staatssammlung München (ZSM-SNSB), Munich, GermanyFranklin CastañedaPanthera, Tegucigalpa, HondurasFred KrausDepartment of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USAGabriela Parra‐OleaInstituto de Biologia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, MexicoGerardo ChávesCIBET (Museo de Zoología), Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa RicaGuido Fabián Medina-RangelInstituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá D.C., ColombiaGUSTAVO A. GONZÁLEZ-DURÁNH. Mauricio Ortega‐AndradeBiogeography and Spatial Ecology Research Group, Life Sciences Faculty, Universidad Regional Amazónica IKIAM, Tena, EcuadorIberê Farina MachadoIndraneil DasInstitute of Biodiversity and Environmental Conservation, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Kota Samarahan, MalaysiaIuri Ribeiro DiasDepartamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, BrazilJ. Nicolás Urbina‐CardonaDepartamento de Ecología y Territorio, Facultad de Estudios Ambientales y Rurales, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, ColombiaJelka Crnobrnja‐IsailovićDepartment of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, University of Niš, Niš, SerbiaJian-Huan YangJiang JianpingChengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, People's Republic of ChinaJigme Tshelthrim WangyalBhutan Ecological Society, Thimphu, BhutanJodi J. L. RowleyAustralian Museum Research Institute, Australian Museum, Sydney, New South Wales, AustraliaJohn MeaseyCentre for Invasion Biology, Department of Botany & Zoology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South AfricaKarthikeyan VasudevanLaboratory for the Conservation of Endangered Species, CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, IndiaKin Onn ChanLee Kong Chian Natural History Museum, National University of Singapore, Singapore, SingaporeKV GururajaSrishti Manipal Institute of Art, Design and Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, IndiaKristiina OvaskaBiolinx Environmental Research, Victoria, British Columbia, CanadaLauren C. Warr, Flint, TX, USALuis Canseco-MárquezLaboratorio de Herpetología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, MexicoLuı́s Felipe ToledoLaboratório de História Natural de Anfíbios Brasileiros (LaHNAB), Universidade Estadual de Campinas (Unicamp), São Paulo, BrazilLuis M. DíazM. Monirul H. KhanDepartment of Zoology, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, BangladeshMadhava MeegaskumburaKey Laboratory in Forest Ecology and Conservation, College of Forestry, Guangxi University, Nanning, People's Republic of ChinaManuel E. AcevedoMarcelo Felgueiras NapoliInstituto de Biologia, Campus Universitário de Ondina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BrazilMarcos Ponce, David, PanamaMarcos VairaInstituto de Ecorregiones Andinas (INECOA, UNJu-Conicet), San Salvador de Jujuy, ArgentinaMargarita LampoFundación para el Desarrollo de las Ciencias Físicas, Matemáticas y Naturales (FUDECI), Caracas, VenezuelaMario H. Yánez-MuñózUnidad de Investigación, Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad (INABIO), Quito, EcuadorMark D. ScherzNatural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DenmarkMark‐Oliver RödelMuseum für Naturkunde-Leibniz Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity Science, Berlin, GermanyMasafumi MatsuiKyoto University, Yoshida Nihonmatsu, Kyoto, JapanMaxon FildorMirza Dikari KusriniFaculty of Forestry & Environment, IPB University, Bogor, IndonesiaM. Firoz AhmedMuhammad RaisHerpetology Lab, Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Rawalpindi, PakistanN. KouaméLaboratoire de Biodiversité et Ecologie Tropicale, UFR Environnement, Université Jean Lorougnon Guédé, Daloa, Côte d'IvoireNieves GarcíaIUCN Species Survival Commission, Gland, SwitzerlandNono L. GonwouoLaboratory of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, CameroonPatricia A. BurrowesDepartment of Biology, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto RicoPaul Y. ImbunZoology Unit, Research and Education Section, Sabah Parks, Kota Kinabalu, MalaysiaPhilipp WagnerAllwetterzoo, Münster, GermanyPhilippe J. R. KokDepartment of Ecology and Vertebrate Zoology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Łódź, Łódź, PolandRafael L. JoglarProyecto Coqui, San Juan, Puerto RicoRenoir J. AugusteDepartment of Life Sciences, The University of the West Indies, St Augustine, Trinidad and TobagoReuber Albuquerque BrandãoLaboratório de Fauna e Unidades de Conservação, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília-DF, BrazilRoberto IbáñezSmithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Panama, República de PanamáRudolf von MayCalifornia State University Channel Islands, Camarillo, CA, USAS. Blair HedgesCenter for Biodiversity, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USAS. D. BijuSystematics Lab, Department of Environmental Studies, University of Delhi, Delhi, IndiaS.R. Ganesh
2023en
ABI
Abstract
Abstract Systematic assessments of species extinction risk at regular intervals are necessary for informing conservation action 1,2 . Ongoing developments in taxonomy, threatening processes and research further underscore the need for reassessment 3,4 . Here we report the findings of the second Global Amphibian Assessment, evaluating 8,011 species for the International Union for Conservation of Nature Red List of Threatened Species. We find that amphibians are the most threatened vertebrate class (40.7% of species are globally threatened). The updated Red List Index shows that the status of amphibians is deteriorating globally, particularly for salamanders and in the Neotropics. Disease and habitat loss drove 91% of status deteriorations between 1980 and 2004. Ongoing and projected climate change effects are now of increasing concern, driving 39% of status deteriorations since 2004, followed by habitat loss (37%). Although signs of species recoveries incentivize immediate conservation action, scaled-up investment is urgently needed to reverse the current trends.
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Citations and references
Cited by 40 references