Global diversity and geography of soil fungi
Leho TedersooNatural History Museum, University of Tartu, Tartu, EstoniaMohammad BahramInstitute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, EstoniaSergei PõlmeNatural History Museum, University of Tartu, Tartu, EstoniaUrmas KõljalgInstitute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, EstoniaNourou S. YorouFaculté d′Agronomie, Université de Parakou, Parakou, BeninRavi WijesunderaDepartment of Plant Sciences, University of Colombo, Colombo 3, Sri LankaLuis Villarreal‐RuizPostgrado en Recursos Genéticos y Productividad-Genética, LARGEMBIO, Colegio de Postgraduados–Líneas Prioritarias de Investigación 6, México City, MexicoAída M. Vasco‐PalaciosThe Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures–Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Utrecht, NetherlandsPhạm Quang ThuVietnamese Academy of Forest Sciences, Hanoi, VietnamAve SuijaInstitute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, EstoniaMatthew E. SmithDepartment of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USACathy SharpErki SaluveerInstitute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, EstoniaAlessandro SaittaDepartment of Agricultural and Forest Sciences, Università di Palermo, Palermo, ItalyMiguel RosasDepartment of Mycology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, GermanyTaavi RiitInstitute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, EstoniaDavid A. RatkowskyTasmanian Institute of Agriculture, Hobart, Tasmania, AustraliaKarin PritschInstitute of Soil Ecology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, GermanyKadri PõldmaaInstitute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, EstoniaMeike PiepenbringDepartment of Mycology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, GermanyCherdchai PhosriDepartment of Biology, Nakhon Phanom University, Nakhon Phanom, ThailandMarko PetersonInstitute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, EstoniaKaarin PartsInstitute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, EstoniaKadri PärtelInstitute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, EstoniaEveli OtsingInstitute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, EstoniaEduardo NouhraInstituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal, Córdoba, ArgentinaAndré Ledoux NjouonkouDepartment of Biological Sciences, University of Bamenda, Bambili, CameroonR. Henrik NilssonDepartment of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, SwedenLuis N. MorgadoNaturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, NetherlandsJordan R. MayorDepartment of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, SwedenTom W. MayRoyal Botanic Gardens Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, AustraliaLuiza MajuakimInstitute for Tropical Biology and Conservation, University Malaysia Sabah, Sabah, MalaysiaD. Jean LodgeCenter for Forest Mycology Research, U.S. Department of Agriculture–Forest Service, Luquillo, Puerto RicoSu See LeeForest Research Institute Malaysia, Kepong, Selangor, MalaysiaKarl-Henrik LarssonNatural History Museum, University of Oslo, Oslo, NorwayPetr KohoutInstitute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, EstoniaKentaro HosakaDepartment of Botany, National Museum of Nature and Science, Tsukuba, JapanIndrek HiiesaluInstitute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, EstoniaTerry W. HenkelDepartment of Biological Sciences, Humboldt State University, Arcata, CA, USAHelery HarendInstitute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, EstoniaLiang‐Dong GuoState Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, ChinaAlina G. GreslebinConsejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas–Facultad de Cs. Naturales, Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia SJB, Esquel, Chubut, ArgentinaGwen GreletEcosystems and Global Change team, Landcare Research, Lincoln, New ZealandJózsef GemlNaturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, NetherlandsGenevieve GatesTasmanian Institute of Agriculture, Hobart, Tasmania, AustraliaW. DunstanSchool of Veterinary & Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Western Australia, AustraliaChris R. DunkDepartment of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, SwedenRein DrenkhanInstitute of Forestry and Rural Engineering, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Tartu, EstoniaJohn DearnaleyFaculty of Health, Engineering and Sciences, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Queensland, AustraliaAndré De KeselBotanic Garden Meise, Meise, BelgiumTan DangVietnamese Academy of Forest Sciences, Hanoi, VietnamXin ChenCollege of Life Sciences, Zhejiag University, Hangzhou 310058, ChinaFranz BueggerInstitute of Soil Ecology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, GermanyFrancis Q. BrearleySchool of Science and the Environment, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UKGregory BonitoRoyal Botanic Gardens Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, AustraliaSten AnslanInstitute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, EstoniaSandra E. Abell-DavisSchool of Marine and Tropical Biology, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland, AustraliaKessy AbarenkovNatural History Museum, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
2014en
ABI
Abstract
Fungi play major roles in ecosystem processes, but the determinants of fungal diversity and biogeographic patterns remain poorly understood. Using DNA metabarcoding data from hundreds of globally distributed soil samples, we demonstrate that fungal richness is decoupled from plant diversity. The plant-to-fungus richness ratio declines exponentially toward the poles. Climatic factors, followed by edaphic and spatial variables, constitute the best predictors of fungal richness and community composition at the global scale. Fungi show similar latitudinal diversity gradients to other organisms, with several notable exceptions. These findings advance our understanding of global fungal diversity patterns and permit integration of fungi into a general macroecological framework.
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