Article

Chasing the Break: Tracing the Full Evolution of a Black Hole X-Ray Binary Jet with Multiwavelength Spectral Modeling

Constanza Echiburú-TrujilloDepartment of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences, JILA, Duane Physics Bldg., 2000 Colorado Avenue, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA [email protected]Alexandra J. TetarenkoDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409-1051, USADaryl HaggardDepartment of Physics, McGill University, 3600 rue University, Montreal, Québec H3A 2T8, CanadaT. D. RussellINAF, Istituto di Astrofisica Spaziale e Fisica Cosmica, Via U. La Malfa 153, I-90146 Palermo, ItalyK. I. I. KoljonenAalto University, Metsahovi Radio Observatory, P.O. Box 13000, FI-00076 Aalto, FinlandArash BahramianInternational Centre for Radio Astronomy Research, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, AustraliaJingyi WangMIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, MIT, 70 Vassar Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, USAMichael BremerInstitut de Radioastronomie Millimétrique, 300 Rue de la Piscine, F-38406 Saint Martin d’Hères, FranceJoe BrightAstrophysics, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Keble Road, Oxford OX1 3RH, UKP. CasellaINAF—Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma, Via Frascati 33, I-00078 Monteporzio Catone, ItalyD. M. RussellD. AltamiranoSchool of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UKM. C. BaglioINAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera, Via Bianchi 46, I-23807 Merate (LC), ItalyT. BelloniINAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera, Via Bianchi 46, I-23807 Merate (LC), ItalyChiara CeccobelloDepartment of Space, Earth and Environment, Chalmers University of Technology, Onsala Space Observatory, SE-439 92 Onsala, SwedenS. CorbelUniversité Paris CitéMaría Díaz TrigoD. MaitraDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, Wheaton College, Norton, MA 02766, USAAldrin GabuyaAl Sadeem Observatory, Al Wathba South, Abu Dhabi, UAEElena GalloDepartment of Astronomy, University of Michigan, 1085 South University Avenue, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USASebastian HeinzDepartment of Astronomy, University of Wisconsin Madison, 475 N. Charter Street, Madison, WI 53706, USAJ. HomanEureka Scientific, Inc., 2452 Delmer Street, Oakland, CA 94602, USAErin KaraMIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, MIT, 70 Vassar Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, USAElmar KördingDepartment of Astrophysics/IMAPP, Radboud University, P.O. Box 9010, 6500 GL Nijmegen, The NetherlandsFraser LewisAstrophysics Research Institute, Liverpool John Moores University, 146 Brownlow Hill, Liverpool L3 5RF, UKMatteo LucchiniAnton Pannekoek Institute for Astronomy, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, Amsterdam NL-1098 XH, The NetherlandsSera MarkoffAnton Pannekoek Institute for Astronomy, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, Amsterdam NL-1098 XH, The NetherlandsS. MigliariJames C. A. Miller-JonesInternational Centre for Radio Astronomy Research, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, AustraliaJ. RodriguezUniversité Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Cité, CEA, CNRS, AIM, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, FrancePayaswini SaikiaCraig L. SarazinDepartment of Astronomy, University of Virginia, 530 McCormick Road, Charlottesville, VA 22904-4325, USAT. ShahbazDepartamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), E-38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, SpainG. R. SivakoffDepartment of Physics, University of Alberta, CCIS 4-181, Edmonton AB T6G 2E1, CanadaRoberto SoriaCollege of Astronomy and Space Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of ChinaV. TestaINAF—Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma, Via Frascati 33, I-00078 Monteporzio Catone, ItalyB. E. TetarenkoDepartment of Physics, McGill University, 3600 rue University, Montreal, Québec H3A 2T8, CanadaV. TudoseInstitute for Space Sciences, Atomistilor 409, P.O. Box MG-23, 077125 Bucharest-Magurele, Romania

2024en

ABI

Abstract

Abstract Black hole (BH) X-ray binaries (XRBs) are ideal targets to study the connection between accretion inflow and jet outflow. Here we present quasi-simultaneous, multiwavelength observations of the Galactic BH system MAXI J1820+070, throughout its 2018–2019 outburst. Our data set includes coverage from the radio through X-ray bands from 17 different instruments/telescopes, and encompasses 19 epochs over a 7 month period, resulting in one of the most well-sampled multiwavelength data sets of a BH XRB outburst to date. With our data, we compile and model the broadband spectra of this source using a phenomenological model that includes emission from the jet, a companion star, and an accretion flow. This modeling allows us to track the evolution of the spectral break in the jet spectrum, a key observable that samples the jet launching region. We find that the spectral break location changes over at least ≈3 orders of magnitude in electromagnetic frequency over this period. Using these spectral break measurements, we link the full cycle of jet behavior, including the rising, quenching, and reignition, to the changing accretion flow properties as the source evolves through its different accretion states. Our analysis shows consistent jet behavior with other sources in similar phases of their outbursts, reinforcing the idea that jet quenching and recovery may be a global feature of BH XRB systems in outburst. Our results also provide valuable evidence supporting a close connection between the geometry of the inner accretion flow and the base of the jet.

Identifiers

DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ad1a10

Citations and references

Cited by 20 references

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