Advances in Lead-Free Piezoelectric Materials for Sensors and Actuators
Elena AkselDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Florida, 100 Rhines Hall, Gainesville, FL 32611, USAJacob L. JonesDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Florida, 100 Rhines Hall, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
2010en
ABI
Abstract
Piezoelectrics have widespread use in today's sensor and actuator technologies. However, most commercially available piezoelectric materials, e.g., Pb [Zr(x)Ti(1-x)] O(3) (PZT), are comprised of more than 60 weight percent lead (Pb). Due to its harmful effects, there is a strong impetus to identify new lead-free replacement materials with comparable properties to those of PZT. This review highlights recent developments in several lead-free piezoelectric materials including BaTiO(3), Na(0.5)Bi(0.5)TiO(3), K(0.5)Bi(0.5)TiO(3), Na(0.5)K(0.5)NbO(3), and their solid solutions. The factors that contribute to strong piezoelectric behavior are described and a summary of the properties for the various systems is provided.
Identifiers
Citations and references
Cited by 90 references