Pion and kaon production in central<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Pb</mml:mi><mml:mo>+</mml:mo><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Pb</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:math>collisions at<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:mn>20</mml:mn><mml:mi>A</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:math>and<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:mn>30</mml:mn><mml:mi>A</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:math>GeV: Evidence for the onset of deconfinement
C. AltFachbereich Physik der Universität, Frankfurt, GermanyT. AnticicRudjer Boskovic Institute, Zagreb, CroatiaB. BaatarJoint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, RussiaD. BarnaKFKI Research Institute for Particle and Nuclear Physics, Budapest, HungaryJ. BartkeHenryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Science, Cracow, PolandL. BetevCERN, Geneva, SwitzerlandH. BiałkowskaC. BlumeFachbereich Physik der Universität, Frankfurt, GermanyB. BoimskaM. BotjeNIKHEF, Amsterdam, NetherlandsJ. BraciníkComenius University, Bratislava, SlovakiaR. BrammGesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung (GSI), Darmstadt, GermanyP. BunčićCERN, Geneva, SwitzerlandV. ČernýComenius University, Bratislava, SlovakiaP. ChristakoglouDepartment of Physics, University of Athens, Athens, GreeceP. ChungDepartment of Chemistry, Stony Brook University (SUNYSB), Stony Brook, New York, USAO. ChválaInstitute of Particle and Nuclear Physics, Charles University, Prague, Czech RepublicJ. G. CramerNuclear Physics Laboratory, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USAP. CsatóKFKI Research Institute for Particle and Nuclear Physics, Budapest, HungaryP. DinkelakerFachbereich Physik der Universität, Frankfurt, GermanyV. EckardtMax-Planck-Institut für Physik, Munich, GermanyD. FlierlFachbereich Physik der Universität, Frankfurt, GermanyZ. FodorKFKI Research Institute for Particle and Nuclear Physics, Budapest, HungaryP. FokaGesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung (GSI), Darmstadt, GermanyV. FrieseGesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung (GSI), Darmstadt, GermanyJ. GálKFKI Research Institute for Particle and Nuclear Physics, Budapest, HungaryM. GaździckiFachbereich Physik der Universität, Frankfurt, GermanyV. GenchevInstitute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy, Sofia, BulgariaE. GładyszHenryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Science, Cracow, PolandK. GrebieszkowFaculty of Physics, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, PolandS. HegyiKFKI Research Institute for Particle and Nuclear Physics, Budapest, HungaryC. HöhneFachbereich Physik der Universität, Marburg, GermanyK. KadijaRudjer Boskovic Institute, Zagreb, CroatiaA. KarevMax-Planck-Institut für Physik, Munich, GermanyD. P. KikołaFaculty of Physics, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, PolandM. KliemantFachbereich Physik der Universität, Frankfurt, GermanyS. KniegeFachbereich Physik der Universität, Frankfurt, GermanyV. I. KolesnikovJoint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, RussiaT. KolleggerFachbereich Physik der Universität, Frankfurt, GermanyE. KornaśHenryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Science, Cracow, PolandM. KowalskiHenryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Science, Cracow, PolandI. KrausGesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung (GSI), Darmstadt, GermanyM. KrepsComenius University, Bratislava, SlovakiaÁ. LászlóKFKI Research Institute for Particle and Nuclear Physics, Budapest, HungaryR. LaceyDepartment of Chemistry, Stony Brook University (SUNYSB), Stony Brook, New York, USAM. van LeeuwenNIKHEF, Amsterdam, NetherlandsP. LévaiKFKI Research Institute for Particle and Nuclear Physics, Budapest, HungaryL. LitovAtomic Physics Department, Sofia University St. Kliment Ohridski, Sofia, BulgariaB. LungwitzFachbereich Physik der Universität, Frankfurt, GermanyM. MakarievAtomic Physics Department, Sofia University St. Kliment Ohridski, Sofia, BulgariaA. I. MalakhovJoint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, RussiaM. MateevAtomic Physics Department, Sofia University St. Kliment Ohridski, Sofia, BulgariaG. L. MelkumovJoint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, RussiaA. MischkeNIKHEF, Amsterdam, NetherlandsM. MitrovskiFachbereich Physik der Universität, Frankfurt, GermanyJ. MolnárKFKI Research Institute for Particle and Nuclear Physics, Budapest, HungaryStanisław MrówczyńskiInstitute of Physics Świ etokrzyska Academy, Kielce, PolandV. NicolicRudjer Boskovic Institute, Zagreb, CroatiaG. PállaKFKI Research Institute for Particle and Nuclear Physics, Budapest, HungaryA.D. PanagiotouDepartment of Physics, University of Athens, Athens, GreeceD. PanayotovAtomic Physics Department, Sofia University St. Kliment Ohridski, Sofia, BulgariaA. PetridisDepartment of Physics, University of Athens, Athens, GreeceW. PerytFaculty of Physics, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, PolandM. PiknaComenius University, Bratislava, SlovakiaJ. PlutaFaculty of Physics, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, PolandD. PrindleNuclear Physics Laboratory, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USAF. PühlhoferFachbereich Physik der Universität, Marburg, GermanyR. RenfordtFachbereich Physik der Universität, Frankfurt, GermanyC. RolandMIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USAG. RolandMIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USAM. RybczyńskiInstitute of Physics Świ etokrzyska Academy, Kielce, PolandA. RybickiHenryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Science, Cracow, PolandA. SandovalGesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung (GSI), Darmstadt, GermanyN. SchmitzMax-Planck-Institut für Physik, Munich, GermanyT. SchusterFachbereich Physik der Universität, Frankfurt, GermanyP. SeybothMax-Planck-Institut für Physik, Munich, GermanyF. SiklérKFKI Research Institute for Particle and Nuclear Physics, Budapest, HungaryB. SitárComenius University, Bratislava, SlovakiaE. SkrzypczakInstitute for Experimental Physics, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, PolandM. SłodkowskiFaculty of Physics, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, PolandG. StefanekInstitute of Physics Świ etokrzyska Academy, Kielce, PolandR. StockFachbereich Physik der Universität, Frankfurt, GermanyC. StrabelFachbereich Physik der Universität, Frankfurt, GermanyH. StröbeleFachbereich Physik der Universität, Frankfurt, GermanyT. ŠušaRudjer Boskovic Institute, Zagreb, CroatiaI. SzentpéteryKFKI Research Institute for Particle and Nuclear Physics, Budapest, HungaryJ. SziklaiKFKI Research Institute for Particle and Nuclear Physics, Budapest, HungaryM. SzubaFaculty of Physics, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, PolandP. SzymanskiV. TrubnikovD. VargaKFKI Research Institute for Particle and Nuclear Physics, Budapest, HungaryM. VassiliouDepartment of Physics, University of Athens, Athens, GreeceG. I. VeresKFKI Research Institute for Particle and Nuclear Physics, Budapest, HungaryG. VesztergombiKFKI Research Institute for Particle and Nuclear Physics, Budapest, HungaryD. VranićGesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung (GSI), Darmstadt, GermanyA. WetzlerFachbereich Physik der Universität, Frankfurt, GermanyZ. WłodarczykInstitute of Physics Świ etokrzyska Academy, Kielce, PolandI.-K. YooDepartment of Physics, Pusan National University, Pusan, Republic of KoreaJ. ZimányiKFKI Research Institute for Particle and Nuclear Physics, Budapest, Hungary
2008lv
ABI
Abstract
Results on charged pion and kaon production in central $\mathrm{Pb}+\mathrm{Pb}$ collisions at $20A$ and $30A$ GeV are presented and compared to data at lower and higher energies. Around $30A$ GeV a rapid change of the energy dependence for the yields of pions and kaons as well as for the shape of the transverse mass spectra is observed. The change is compatible with the prediction that the threshold for production of a state of deconfined matter at the early stage of the collisions is located at low CERN Super Proton Synchroton energies.
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