Chloroplast genomes: diversity, evolution, and applications in genetic engineering
Henry DaniellDepartment of Biochemistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, South 40th St, Philadelphia, PA, 19104-6030, USA. [email protected]Choun‐Sea LinAgricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, TaiwanMing YuDepartment of Biochemistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, South 40th St, Philadelphia, PA, 19104-6030, USAWan‐Jung ChangAgricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
2016en
ABI
Abstract
Chloroplasts play a crucial role in sustaining life on earth. The availability of over 800 sequenced chloroplast genomes from a variety of land plants has enhanced our understanding of chloroplast biology, intracellular gene transfer, conservation, diversity, and the genetic basis by which chloroplast transgenes can be engineered to enhance plant agronomic traits or to produce high-value agricultural or biomedical products. In this review, we discuss the impact of chloroplast genome sequences on understanding the origins of economically important cultivated species and changes that have taken place during domestication. We also discuss the potential biotechnological applications of chloroplast genomes.
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