Review article

Promises and Challenges of Next-Generation “Beyond Li-ion” Batteries for Electric Vehicles and Grid Decarbonization

Yaosen TianDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United StatesGuobo ZengDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United StatesAnn RuttMaterials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United StatesTan ShiMaterials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United StatesHaegyeom KimMaterials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United StatesJingyang WangDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United StatesJulius KoettgenMaterials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United StatesYingzhi SunDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United StatesBin OuyangDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United StatesTina ChenDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United StatesZhengyan LunDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United StatesZiqin RongMaterials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United StatesKristin A. PerssonDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United StatesGerbrand CederDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States

2020en

ABI

Abstract

The tremendous improvement in performance and cost of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have made them the technology of choice for electrical energy storage. While established battery chemistries and cell architectures for Li-ion batteries achieve good power and energy density, LIBs are unlikely to meet all the performance, cost, and scaling targets required for energy storage, in particular, in large-scale applications such as electrified transportation and grids. The demand to further reduce cost and/or increase energy density, as well as the growing concern related to natural resource needs for Li-ion have accelerated the investigation of so-called "beyond Li-ion" technologies. In this review, we will discuss the recent achievements, challenges, and opportunities of four important "beyond Li-ion" technologies: Na-ion batteries, K-ion batteries, all-solid-state batteries, and multivalent batteries. The fundamental science behind the challenges, and potential solutions toward the goals of a low-cost and/or high-energy-density future, are discussed in detail for each technology. While it is unlikely that any given new technology will fully replace Li-ion in the near future, "beyond Li-ion" technologies should be thought of as opportunities for energy storage to grow into mid/large-scale applications.

Identifiers

DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00767

Citations and references

Cited by 20 references

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