Modulating Mxene‐Derived Ni‐Mo <sub>m</sub> ‐Mo <sub>2‐m</sub> TiC <sub>2</sub> T <sub>x</sub> Structure for Intensified Low‐Temperature Ethanol Reforming
Abstract
Abstract The technology of steam reforming of bioethanol has drawn great attention to green hydrogen production. However, catalyst deactivation has always been a significant obstacle to its applications. Here, a series of y Ni/Mo 2 TiC 2 T x ( y Ni/MTC) materials are tailored as robust catalysts for highly efficient long‐term ethanol reforming. The results reveal that hydrogen utilization efficiency of up to 95.6% and almost total ethanol conversion can be achieved at 550 °C using a 10Ni/MTC‐72h catalyst. Moreover, this catalyst has remarkable stability without obvious deactivation after 100 h of bioethanol reforming, which can be attributed to the formation of a Ni─Mo alloy and the strong interaction of the Ni‐Mo m ‐Mo 2‐m TiC 2 T x structure. The FTIR‐MS studies demonstrate the superiority of the 10Ni/MTC‐72h catalyst for reinforcing low‐temperature bioethanol activation, as verified by the faster conversion of acetate species than with Ni/Al 2 O 3 . The adsorption energies of ethanol on the surface of Ni (−1.07 eV) and Ni/MTC (−1.46 eV) are compared by density functional theory calculations and show the superiority of the Ni/MTC catalyst for activating ethanol during steam reforming. This study provides new implications for highly stabilized Ni‐Mo m ‐Mo 2‐m TiC 2 T x construction, which is expected to substantially promote the development and application of bioethanol‐to‐hydrogen production technologies.