Heat transfer analysis of second-grade hybrid nanofluid bounded by double-revolving disks with an inclined magnetic field and variable thermal conductivity
Abstract
Purpose This study aims to explore the field of engine oil-based hybrid nanofluids with the primary goal of improving the thermal performance and cooling efficiency in engine systems. This study emphasizes preserving viscosity-temperature properties, thereby contributing significantly to optimizing overall engine performance. This study specifically explores the impact of an inclined magnetic field and heat source on the flow of a non-Newtonian second-grade hybrid nanofluid confined between two coaxial rotating disks. Titanium dioxide (TiO2) and cobalt ferrite (CoFe2O4) nanoparticles have been chosen for analysis due to their commendable thermophysical properties. Design/methodology/approach Using appropriate similarity transformations, the authors translate the controlling partial differential equations into ordinary ones. This research solves the nondimensional governing equations using the homotopy analysis method, a popular semi-analytical method. Findings The impact of many physical parameters on flow characteristics − including velocity, temperature, skin friction and the Nusselt number − is mostly under investigation. A noteworthy observation is an escalation in the heat source parameter corresponds to a rise in the temperature profile. Moreover, as the shape factor increases, there is an associated improvement in the Nusselt number, indicative of enhanced heat transfer phenomena. Originality/value This study is novel in its investigation of heat transport in a second-grade hybrid nanofluid subjected to an angled magnetic field and varying thermal conductivity, a topic that has not been thoroughly examined. The interplay of these elements provides novel dynamics and complexity in fluid dynamics and thermal behavior.