Article

Sodium Ion Insertion in Hollow Carbon Nanowires for Battery Applications

Yuliang CaoHubei Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Power Sources, College of Chemistry and Molecular Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. ChinaLifen XiaoCollege of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. ChinaMaria L. SushkoPacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, United StatesWei WangPacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, United StatesBirgit SchwenzerPacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, United StatesJie XiaoPacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, United StatesZimin NiePacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, United StatesLaxmikant V. SarafPacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, United StatesZhengguo YangPacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, United StatesJun LiuPacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, United States

2012en

ABI

Abstract

Hollow carbon nanowires (HCNWs) were prepared through pyrolyzation of a hollow polyaniline nanowire precursor. The HCNWs used as anode material for Na-ion batteries deliver a high reversible capacity of 251 mAh g(-1) and 82.2% capacity retention over 400 charge-discharge cycles between 1.2 and 0.01 V (vs Na(+)/Na) at a constant current of 50 mA g(-1) (0.2 C). Excellent cycling stability is also observed at an even higher charge-discharge rate. A high reversible capacity of 149 mAh g(-1) also can be obtained at a current rate of 500 mA g(-1) (2C). The good Na-ion insertion property is attributed to the short diffusion distance in the HCNWs and the large interlayer distance (0.37 nm) between the graphitic sheets, which agrees with the interlayered distance predicted by theoretical calculations to enable Na-ion insertion in carbon materials.

Identifiers

DOI: 10.1021/nl3016957

Citations and references

Cited by 20 references

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