Hydrodynamics of Superfluid Helium below 0.6 °K.I. Viscosity of the Normal Fluid
Humphrey J. MarisSchool of Mathematics and Physics, University of East Anglia, Norwich, England and Department of Physics, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
1973en
ABI
Abstract
The normal-fluid viscosity of superfluid ${\mathrm{He}}^{4}$ has been calculated for temperatures below about 0.6 \ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K. The calculation assumes that the dominant scattering mechanism is the three-phonon process in the first order of perturbation theory. This contrasts with the previous calculation of Landau and Khalatnikov, who assumed a second-order process involving four phonons. The theory is compared with the experiments of Whitworth on heat flow through tubes. Good agreement is obtained, as regards both the magnitude of the viscosity and its temperature dependence.
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