Fragmentation of<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:mmultiscripts><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">He</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mprescripts/><mml:mrow/><mml:mrow><mml:mn>4</mml:mn></mml:mrow><mml:mrow/><mml:mrow/></mml:mmultiscripts></mml:mrow></mml:math>,<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:mmultiscripts><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">C</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mprescripts/><mml:mrow/><mml:mrow><mml:mn>12</mml:mn></mml:mrow><mml:mrow/><mml:mrow/></mml:mmultiscripts></mml:mrow></mml:math>,<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:mmultiscripts><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">N</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mprescripts/><mml:mrow/><mml:mrow><mml:mn>14</mml:mn></mml:mrow><mml:mrow/><mml:mrow/></mml:mmultiscripts></mml:mrow></mml:math>, and<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:mmultiscripts><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">O</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mprescripts/><mml:mrow/><mml:mrow><mml:mn>16</mml:mn></mml:mrow><mml:mrow/><mml:mrow/></mml:mmultiscripts></mml:mrow></mml:math>nuclei in nuclear emulsion at 2.1 GeV/nucleon
Abstract
A comparative study of the fragmentation of $^{4}\mathrm{He}$, $^{12}\mathrm{C}$, $^{14}\mathrm{N}$, and $^{16}\mathrm{O}$ nuclei, $E=2.1$ GeV/nucleon, has been made by using nuclear emulsion detectors. The interaction mean-free paths (cm) for these nuclei in emulsion are 21.8 \ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{} 0.7, 13.8 \ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{} 0.5, 13.1 \ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{} 0.5, and 13.0 \ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{} 0.5, respectively. These data are discussed in terms of optical models and geometrical theories. Fragmentation reactions initiated by $^{12}\mathrm{C}$, $^{14}\mathrm{N}$, and $^{16}\mathrm{O}$ projectiles that exhibit no target excitation, i.e., that possess no low energy particle emission. are selected for special study of projectile fragmentation. The projected angular distributions of $Z=1 \mathrm{and} 2$ secondaries from these interactions are reported, as are the prong-number and charge-multiplicity distributions. The angular distributions are independent of the projectile and exhibit features of limiting fragmentation.NUCLEAR REACTIONS Emulsion exp., $^{4}\mathrm{He}$, $^{12}\mathrm{C}$, $^{14}\mathrm{N}$, and $^{16}\mathrm{O}$ at 2.1 GeV/A; measured mean-free-path lengths; projectile fragmentation reactions; angular, number, and charge multiplicity distributions. Optical and geometrical models; limiting fragmentation.
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