DIAGNOSIS AND MANAGEMENT OF CEPHALOPELVIC DISPROPORTION DUE TO NARROW PELVIS IN MODERN OBSTETRICS: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW
Abstract
Cephalopelvic disproportion (CPD) arising from a narrow maternal pelvis remains a significant challenge in contemporary obstetrics, contributing to obstructed labor, maternal morbidity, and fetal distress. This review synthesizes current evidence on the diagnosis, management strategies, and associated complications of CPD in the context of narrow pelvic anatomy. Emphasizing high scientific rigor, we explore the evolutionary, anatomical, and clinical factors influencing this condition, highlighting the role of advanced imaging and intrapartum monitoring. Data from recent studies indicate that timely intervention, such as cesarean delivery, can mitigate risks, with incidence rates varying by population and pelvic morphology. The relevance of this topic is underscored by rising cesarean rates globally, driven in part by CPD, necessitating improved predictive models and preventive approaches. Potential for innovation lies in integrating AI-assisted pelvimetry and personalized labor protocols to enhance outcomes. This article provides a structured analysis to guide clinicians in evidence-based practice, addressing gaps in current methodologies and proposing future research directions.