THE ROLE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN MEDICINE: TRANSFORMING DIAGNOSIS, TREATMENT, AND PREVENTION
Abstract
Artificial intelligence (AI) is revolutionizing healthcare by improving diagnostic accuracy, personalizing treatment pathways, and advancing preventive medicine. This article systematically analyzes more than 25 scientific publications from 2020–2026, examining AI’s role in medicine, its advantages, limitations, and challenges. Research demonstrates that AI-based clinical decision support systems reduce diagnostic errors by 13–16%, decrease physician administrative burden by 30–40%, and shorten operative time by 25% while reducing complications by up to 30%. However, significant risks persist: data bias, the “black box” problem, and medical hallucinations pose serious threats. A global survey found that 91.8% of clinicians have encountered AI hallucinations, and 84.7% believe they could cause patient harm. Therefore, integrating AI into clinical practice requires maintaining human oversight, rigorous testing protocols, and robust ethical governance frameworks.