OPTIMIZATION OF PROGNOSTIC INDICATORS OF DENTAL STATUS IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC LEUKEMIA
Abstract
Chronic leukemia is a hematological malignancy associated with profound immunosuppression, thrombocytopenia, granulocytopenia, and microcirculatory disorders, which collectively create a favorable background for the development of severe, rapidly progressive, and recurrent oral complications. The optimization of prognostic indicators of dental status in this patient population is a pressing clinical challenge that requires a multidisciplinary approach integrating hematological and dental assessments. This literature review analyzes current scientific data on clinical, immunological, and microbiological prognostic markers of oral pathology in patients with chronic leukemia. Key prognostic indicators include the severity of gingival bleeding (BOP index), periodontal pocket depth, salivary flow rate, levels of immunoglobulins (particularly IgG and IgE), proinflammatory cytokine profiles (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α), and the degree of colonization by periodontopathogens (Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans). The review substantiates the need for early diagnosis, risk stratification, and personalized treatment protocols to improve clinical outcomes and quality of life in this vulnerable patient group.