Water security in arid zones: emerging technologies and adaptive management strategies under climate change
Abstract
This paper examines innovative approaches to water resource management in arid and semi-arid regions amid intensifying climate change. It synthesizes current evidence on accelerating water stress, reviews emerging technological and policy-based interventions, and proposes an integrated management framework that combines precision irrigation, non-conventional water sources, remote sensing, and adaptive governance. Case studies from Central Asia, the Middle East, and North Africa illustrate practical applications and transferable lessons. The analysis demonstrates that no single solution is sufficient; rather, sustained improvements in water security require coordinated deployment of multiple complementary strategies alongside institutional reform. The paper concludes with recommendations for research priorities and international cooperation.