Hot electrons at the free surface of liquid helium

The nonlinear effects originating in a two-dimensional electron gas at the surface of liquid helium, during the action on it of a low-frequency attractive electric field, are studied theoretically. It follows from the results obtained, that under conditions of electron-ripplon scattering with increase of amplitude of the guiding field, the mobility of the electrons at the first surface level decreases at first, and then very slowly increases. As a result of this, the electrons existing in the ground surface level, in a quite large range of guiding fields can be easily heated up to relatively high temperatures (Te ⪢ T), almost without change of mobility, until electron transitions to subsequent energy levels start to be affected. It is shown that electron transitions in the region of the quasicontinuous spectrum lead to a strong nonlinear dependence of the average mobility of the electrons on the amplitude of the guiding field.

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