Temperature-electric domain instability in metals generated by boiling of a cryogenic liquid

The current–voltage characteristics (IVC) of metals (Pt, Cu, W, Mg) and alloys (tungsten–rhenium, constantan, etc.), cooled directly by liquid nitrogen and liquid helium, are studied experimentally. The properties of the temperature-electric domains (TED), appearing in metals, are determined. It is established that boiling of the coolant causes the IVC of metallic conductors to assume an N−S-shaped form. The parameters determining the possibility of a spontaneous transition of the sample into a stable state with TED are calculated with a piecewise-linear approximation for the temperature dependences of the heat exchange between the sample and the liquid and of the resistivity of the sample.

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