A closed Abrikosov vortex in a uniaxial superconductor

The structure of a closed Abrikosov vortex in an unbounded anisotropic superconductor is investigated. The anisotropy of the material is described by the electron effective mass tensor m^. The expressions for the vortex magnetic field and free energy are obtained for an arbitrary tilt of the vortex filament plane relative to the anisotropy axis. The vortex shape is determined for a preferred orientation. It is shown that in an easy–plane superconductor (ma<mc), the vortex with minimum energy lies in the easy plane, while in an easy–axis superconductor (ma>mc), the vortex whose plane is parallel to the anisotropy axis c has the minimum energy.

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