Filipinos in Toronto: Residential Segregation and Neighborhood Socioeconomic Inequality
Аннотация
Filipinos are one of nine groups racialized as visible minorities. The degree of racialization varies, resulting in diverse spatial and socioeconomic patterns, processes, and adaptation among immigrant groups. The variation occurs because of (1) the conditions of immigrant departure, i.e., whether immigrants entered Canada as legal immigrants, state-sponsored refugees, or undocumented workers; (2) the initial resources or human and social capital that immigrants brought to Canada combined with their family structure; and (3) the social and economic conditions, including federal and provincial immigration policies and practices. The degree to which Filipinos are racialized compared to Chinese, South Asians, Koreans, Southeast Asians, Japanese, or other groups is related to the interaction of these factors.