Periodic Landau-Zener problem in long-range migration

From studies of radiation effects in semiconductors at low temperatures, it is known that an interstitial atom migrates over a distance of up to 1000 Å (Watkins effect [1]). The interpretation of this effect is based on the inversion of potential energy curves of an interstitial atom in semiconductors when it changes its charge. At low temperatures, a cascade of radiationless transitions can occur between the ground and excited states of a relocalized electron, which leads to the coherent tunneling of the interstitial atom through the lattice. The description of this effect using the scattering matrix S leads to the dispersion law and to an equation for the effective mass of such a quasiparticle called an inverson.

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