Componential analysis syntactic units on the base of syntactic valence

Abstract: The present article deals with the theory of syntactic valency, principles of defining syntactic valency, and revealing syntaxemes expressed by valency components in the structure of English simple sentences from the structural syntax point of view. The fact that majority of linguists define syntactic valency based on verbocentric approach offered by L.Tener is discussed, and the author introduces his own new approach to identifying syntactic valency claiming that in the simple sentence structure any syntactic unit, regardless of the form of the verb, can have a valence. According to the linguistic investigations of syntactic units we can define the valence on the base of syntactic connections. Consequently, it is proved that the number of valence of the syntactic units is accounted by the number of their syntactic relations, which means that a syntactic unit involved on the basis of a single syntactic connection is considered a monovalent element, a syntactic unit involved on the basis of two syntactic connections is bivalent, and three-syntactic connections – a trivalent component. Moreover, syntactic relations are discussed and the ones which were developed by professor A.M.Mukhin are implemented within the article in the analysis of sentences by junctional models. Syntaxeme analysis is used in order to reveal the syntactic semantics of the sentences taken under study.

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