Production of Bioactive Glass‐Ceramics for Dental Application Through Devitrification of Glasses in the<scp>Na</scp>₂<scp>O</scp>/<scp>K</scp>₂<scp>O</scp>–<scp>CaO</scp>–<scp>MgO</scp>–<scp>SiO</scp>₂–<scp>P</scp>₂<scp>O</scp>₅–<scp>CaF</scp>₂System

This chapter reports on novel glass-ceramics (GCs) in the CaO–MgO–SiO 2 ternary system with additives of Na 2 O/K 2 O, P 2 O 5 , and CaF 2 , which aim at dental implant applications. The design of the composition of the glasses was based on two well-established – by our research team – parent compositions, which, in glass state, exhibit excellent bioactivity performance, in vitro , in vivo , as well as in clinical trials. In order to approach the mechanical properties of natural tissues, complete substitution of K 2 O for Na 2 O and partial substitution of MgO for CaO in the parent compositions took place. The GCs were produced by sintering and controlled crystallization of glass-powder compacts in the temperature interval of 800–900 °C, according to the results of thermal analysis. The properties of the produced GCs discussed in this chapter are the sintering behavior and the crystallization mechanism, along with their mechanical properties, aesthetics, and bioactivity, which allows evaluating their suitability for dental implant applications. Good matching of the properties of these GCs with those of the natural dental tissues was achieved. Most importantly, the substitutions effectively allowed the tuning of the mechanical properties of these bioactive GCs in order to approach the properties of the natural hard tissues, such as jaw bone and dentine.

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